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LERONE BENNETT, WELL KNOWN BLACK WRITER WHO IS SENIOR EDITOR AT EBONY MAGAZINE, IN HIS OFFICE AT JOHNSON PUBLISHING COMPANY IN CHICAGO. THE FIRM ALSO PUBLISHES JET, BLACK WORLD, BLACK STARS AND EBONY JR. AS THE TOP BLACK OWNED BUSINESS IN CHICAGO, THE FIRM RECORDED 1972 SALES OF $23.1 MILLION. CHICAGO IS BELIEVED TO BE THE BLACK BUSINESS CAPITAL OF THE COUNTRY WITH 14 OF THE TOP 100 BLACK OWNED BUSINESSES COMPARED TO 13 FOR NEW YORK CITY

Thumbnail for LERONE BENNETT, WELL KNOWN BLACK WRITER WHO IS SENIOR EDITOR AT EBONY MAGAZINE, IN HIS OFFICE AT JOHNSON PUBLISHING COMPANY IN CHICAGO. THE FIRM ALSO PUBLISHES JET, BLACK WORLD, BLACK STARS AND EBONY JR. AS THE TOP BLACK OWNED BUSINESS IN CHICAGO, THE FIRM RECORDED 1972 SALES OF $23.1 MILLION. CHICAGO IS BELIEVED TO BE THE BLACK BUSINESS CAPITAL OF THE COUNTRY WITH 14 OF THE TOP 100 BLACK OWNED BUSINESSES COMPARED TO 13 FOR NEW YORK CITY
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Description

Type:
Image
Format:
Slide
Contributors:
White, John H., 1945
Rights:
Unrestricted
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Record Contributed By

National Archives and Records Administration

Record Harvested From

National Archives and Records Administration

Keywords

  1. Environmental Protection
  2. Natural Resources
  3. Pollution

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CLOSEUP OF A BLACK BEAUTY GRACING A FLOAT DURING THE ANNUAL BUD BILLIKEN DAY PARADE ALONG DR. MARTIN L. KING JR. DRIVE ON CHICAGO'S SOUTH SIDE. UP TO A HALF MILLION PEOPLE VIEW ONE OF THE LARGEST EVENTS OF THE YEAR, HELD FOR BLACKS OF ALL AGES AND ECONOMIC STATUS. THE PARADE ALSO INCLUDES BLACK POLITICIANS, BLACK BUSINESSES DISPLAYING THEIR PRODUCTS AND BLACK BANDS MINORITY YOUNGSTERS WHO GATHERED TO HAVE THEIR PICTURE TAKEN ON CHICAGO'S SOUTH SIDE DURING A COMMUNITY TALENT SHOW BLACKS MAKE UP OVER ONE THIRD OF THE 3.6 MILLION POPULATION IN THE CITY. CHICAGO CENSUS FIGURES FOR 1970 SHOW A SIGNIFICANT GAP IN ECONOMIC SECURITY BETWEEN BLACKS AND WHITES. ONLY 35% OF BLACK FAMILIES EARNED $10,000 TO $25,000 COMPARED TO 60% OF WHITE FAMILIES. OF FAMILIES EARNING LESS THAN $8,000 A TOTAL OF 50% WERE BLACK COMPARED TO 21% WHITE ARTIST RON BLACKBURN PAINTING AN OUTDOOR WALL MURAL AT THE CORNER OF 33RD AND GILES STREETS IN CHICAGO. HE IS ONE OF MANY BLACK ARTISTS PAINTING SUCH ART. THEY FEEL IT IS A MEANS OF SHARING ART WITH THE PEOPLE OF THE GHETTO WHO DON'T GO TO THE CITY'S MUSEUMS SOUTH SIDE GROUP OF BLACK CHILDREN IN CHICAGO AT A PLAYGROUND AT 40TH AND DREXEL BOULEVARD, PART OF NEARLY 1.2 MILLION PEOPLE OF THEIR RACE WHO MAKE UP OVER ONE THIRD OF THE CITY'S POPULATION. THEY COMPRISE SEVERAL OF MANY BLACK FACES IN THIS PROJECT THAT PORTRAY PRIDE, LOVE, BEAUTY, HOPE, STRUGGLE, JOY, HATE FRUSTRATION, DISCONTENT, WORSHIP AND FAITH. IN SHORT, PORTRAITS OF PEOPLE WHO FEEL THEY ARE INDIVIDUALS AND ARE PROUD OF THEIR HERITAGE BLACK WOMEN ON ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE ROBERT TAYLOR HOMES, LOW INCOME HIGHRISE APARTMENTS IN CHICAGO. IT IS A COMPLEX OF 28 BUILDINGS LOCATED BETWEEN THE 3900 AND 5400 BLOCKS ON STATE STREET WITH 4,312 APARTMENTS HOUSING 25,220 PERSONS. MEDIAN BLACK INCOME FROM 1960 TO 1970 INCREASED FROM $4,700 TO $7,883 BUT WAS $3,603 BELOW MEDIAN WHITE INCOME. CHICAGO BLACKS WITH AN INCOME OF MORE THAN $7,000 DURING THE PERIOD JUMPED FROM 26 TO 58% A BLACK FATHER AND SON PICTURED AT AN OUTDOOR WORSHIP SERVICE AT CHICAGO'S WRIGLEY FIELD DURING THE JEHOVAH'S WITNESS ANNUAL CONVENTION. THE CHICAGO AREA CENSUS FIGURES SHOW A SIGNIFICANT GAP IN ECONOMIC SECURITY BETWEEN BLACKS AND WHITES SOME 50% OF BLACK FAMILIES EARNED LESS THAN $8,000 IN 1970, COMPARED TO 21% WHITE. MEDIAN BLACK INCOME AT THAT TIME WAS 65% THAT OF THE WHITES, AN IMPROVEMENT OF 5% IN 20 YEARS, BUT AN ACTUAL WIDENING OF THE DOLLAR GAP BLACK MUSLIM WOMEN DRESSED IN WHITE APPLAUD ELIJAH MUHAMMAD DURING THE DELIVERY OF HIS ANNUAL SAVIOR'S DAY MESSAGE IN CHICAGO. THE CITY IS HEADQUARTERS FOR THE BLACK MUSLIMS. THEIR $75 MILLION EMPIRE INCLUDES A MOSQUE, NEWSPAPER, UNIVERSITY RESTAURANTS, REAL ESTATE, BANK AND VARIETY OF RETAIL STORES MUHAMMAD DIED FEBRUARY 25, 1975 BLACK PRODUCTS AND SERVICES WAS ONE OF THE THEMES AT THE ANNUAL BLACK EXPO HELD IN CHICAGO. ALSO PRESENT WERE BLACK ART AND CULTURE, EDUCATION, TALENT, A VOTER REGISTRATION DRIVE AND OTHER ASPECTS OF BLACK CONSCIOUSNESS. THE AIM IS TO MAKE BLACKS AWARE OF THEIR HERITAGE AND CAPABILITIES, AND HELP THEM TOWARDS A BETTER LIFE BLACK BEAUTIES COMPLEMENT A FLOAT DURING THE BUD BILLIKEN DAY PARADE ALONG DR. MARTIN L. KING JR. DRIVE ON CHICAGO'S SOUTH SIDE UP TO HALF A MILLION PEOPLE VIEW ONE OF THE LARGEST ANNUAL EVENTS OF THE YEAR, HELD FOR BLACKS OF ALL AGES AND ECONOMIC STATUS. THE PARADE ALSO INCLUDES BLACK POLITICIANS, BLACK BUSINESSES DISPLAYING THEIR PRODUCTS AND BLACK BANDS "FUGITIVE SMOKE" ESCAPES THROUGH THE TOP OF THE BUILDING DURING A CASTING OPERATION AT THE UNION CARBIDE FERRO-ALLOY PLANT TOTAL PLANT EMISSIONS FOR THE METALLURGICAL FURNACES AND THE POWERHOUSE WERE REDUCED 97.7 PERCENT FROM 1967. A COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE WAS REACHED BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE WEST VIRGINIA AIR POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION. EPA STACK SAMPLED PLANT EMISSIONS WHILE DEVELOPING NATIONAL NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARDS. (SEE FICHE #141 TO 146) A YOUNG BLACK CHILD, ONE OF THE NEARLY 1.2 MILLION PEOPLE OF HER RACE WHO MAKE UP OVER ONE THIRD OF CHICAGO'S POPULATION. IT IS ONE OF MANY BLACK FACES IN THIS PROJECT THAT PORTRAY LIFE IN ALL ITS SEASONS. THE PHOTOS ARE PORTRAITS THAT REFLECT PRIDE, LOVE, BEAUTY HOPE, STRUGGLE, JOY, HATE, FRUSTRATION, DISCONTENT, WORSHIP AND FAITH IN SHORT, PORTRAITS OF PEOPLE WHO FEEL THEY ARE INDIVIDUALS AND ARE PROUD OF THEIR HERITAGE BLACK SINGER PERFORMS AT THE INTERNATIONAL AMPHITHEATER IN CHICAGO AS PART OF THE ANNUAL PUSH 'BLACK EXPO' IN THE FALL OF 1973 THE ANNUAL EVENT SHOWCASES BLACK TALENT, EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, STARS, ART AND PRODUCTS TO PROVIDE BLACKS WITH AN AWARENESS OF THEIR HERITAGE AND CAPABILITIES, AND HELP THEM TOWARDS A BETTER LIFE BLACK CHILDREN PLAY OUTSIDE THE IDA B. WELLS HOMES, ONE OF CHICAGO'S OLDEST HOUSING PROJECTS. LOCATED ON THE SOUTH SIDE THERE ARE 1,652 APARTMENTS HOUSING 5,920 PERSONS IN 124 BUILDINGS. IN THE CITY VAST PORTIONS OF THE NEW "LOOP" AND LAKESHORE AREAS ON THE SOUTH SIDE HAVE BEEN SYSTEMATICALLY VACATED AS A RESULT OF FIRES VANDALISM OR FAILURE BY OWNERS TO PROVIDE BASIC TENANT SERVICES THEN THEY ARE RAZED AND REPLACED WITH HIGH RENT HIGHRISE BUILDINGS BLACK NEIGHBORHOOD ON CHICAGO'S WEST SIDE. THE WEST SIDE WAS HARD HIT BY RIOTS AND FIRES IN THE MID AND LATE 1960'S. THE 1970 CENSUS NOTED THAT 22 TO 29% OF THE AREA'S RESIDENTS LIVED BELOW THE OFFICIAL POVERTY LEVEL. BLACK BUSINESSMEN, HELPED BY FEDERAL FUNDING REACHED AGREEMENTS WITH NATIONAL FRANCHISES WHICH RESULTED IN PUMPING $20 MILLION IN JOBS FOR RESIDENTS BY 1974 BLACK WOMAN AT THE OPERATION PUSH EXPO ANNUAL CONVENTION A SPECIAL TALKATHON WAS SET UP BY A LOCAL BLACK RADIO STATION IN CHICAGO TO HELP RAISE MONEY FOR THE ORGANIZATION. ONE OF THE AIMS OF PUSH IS TO OPEN THE WORLD OF BUSINESS TO SMALL BLACK OWNED BUSINESSES. THE REV. JESSE JACKSON IS ONE OF THE LEADERS IN THE GROUP HOLY ANGEL CATHOLIC CHURCH ON CHICAGO'S SOUTH SIDE. IT IS THE CITY'S LARGEST BLACK CATHOLIC CHURCH. THE PASTOR IS FATHER GEORGE H CLEMENTS, (LEFT) A LEADER IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY. THERE ARE MORE THAN 2,000 CHURCH MEMBERS. THE CHURCH ALSO HAS THE LARGEST BLACK CATHOLIC SCHOOL IN THE NATION WITH MORE THAN 1,300 STUDENTS BLACK FAMILY ENJOYING THE SUMMER WEATHER AT CHICAGO'S 12TH STREET BEACH ON LAKE MICHIGAN. FROM 1960 TO 1970 THE PERCENTAGE OF CHICAGO BLACKS WITH AN INCOME OF $7,000 OR MORE JUMPED FROM 26 TO 58%. MEDIAN BLACK INCOME DURING THE PERIOD INCREASED FROM $4,700 TO $7,883, BUT THE DOLLAR GAP BETWEEN THEIR GROUP AND THE WHITES ACTUALLY WIDENED LOUIS AND RUTH CRUSE SHOWN PLANTING FRUIT TREES OUTSIDE THEIR HOME IN WHITE CLOUD, KANSAS, NEAR TROY IN DONIPHAN COUNTY IN THE EXTREME NORTHEAST CORNER OF THE STATE. THEY ARE DESCENDANTS OF SLAVES FROM MISSOURI WHO WERE FREED AND SETTLED IN THE AREA. MRS CRUSE'S GRANDMOTHER'S WEDDING DRESS IS IN THE WHITE CLOUD MUSEUM THE TOWN WAS NAMED FOR THE LAST GREAT CHIEF OF THE IOWA INDIAN TRIBE WHICH WAS GIVEN LAND IN THE AREA BY TREATY IN 1836 DOORS ARE OPEN ON FURNACE #6 TO CHANGE ELECTRODES AT THE UNION CARBIDE FERRO-ALLOY PLANT. AIR PRESSURE BLOWS DIRT OFF THE CARBON TO EXPOSE THE BOLTS TO CHANGE THE ELECTRODES. "FUGITIVE SMOKE" ESCAPES THROUGH THE ROOF. POWERPLANT AND METALLURGICAL FURNACE EMISSIONS WERE REDUCED 97.7 PERCENT BETWEEN 1967 AND 1975. A COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE WAS REACHED BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE WEST VIRGINIA AIR POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION. (SEE FICHE #141 TO 146) Black Products Was One of the Themes at the Annual Black Expo Held in Chicago, Also Present were Black Education, Talent, a Voter Registration Drive and Other Aspects of Black Consciousness the Aim is to Make Blacks Aware of Their Heritage and Capabilities and Help Them towards a Better Life
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