Flora IV, Ernest

Description

The founding leadership of the Mississippi Private School Association (MPSA) used individual experience and extensive networking via the Citizens Council along with the communitys belief and desire to maintain white-only schools to create a coalition of quickly formed but well-resourced private schools. This political and social clout afforded them the ability to create a large, powerful organization almost instantly during a pivotal moment of southern educational history. Scholar Kenneth T. Andrews called the establishment of all-white academies in Mississippi, a countermovement strategy that floout of the prior history of organized white resistance to the civil-rights movement. The significance of this narrative lies in timing and ambitious, aggressive scope of the organization. In the fall of 1964 there were nine private day schools in Mississippi that were not affiliated with either the military or the Catholic Church. The MPSA officially formed in 1968 and by 1972 the organization had an enrollment of 30,515 students spread across 110+ schools in four states. Not only is the organizations rapid growth significant in the understanding of reactions to the Civil Rights movement, but also the roots and style of its leadership. The individuals that founded the MPSA and on the executive committee were seasoned organization builders that utilized their networks and experiences as influential members of the Citizens Council to quickly buttress the MPSA. Because these Mississippi leaders believed that forcible integration of their segregated schools by the United States government was imminent, they organized an association of private schools that would allow white...

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